Recently, China's first self-developed and constructed electromagnetic monitoring test satellite, “Zhang Heng No. 1â€, was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, making China one of the few countries in the world that possesses on-orbit high-precision geophysical exploration satellites. As one of the main payloads on the satellite, the electric field detector innovatively developed by China National Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation's 510th Institute has achieved its first application. It will explore satellite orbital space electric fields in the next five years to serve the seismic research in China.
In recent years, scientists have discovered that earthquakes have an impact on the electromagnetic field of the space plasma environment and may even begin to have an impact before the earthquake. Therefore, scientists hope to explore how to conquer “earthquakes†by studying the laws governing the association of space plasma changes with seismic activities. Forecast "this world problem. The "Zhang Heng-1" satellite was born under this background.
According to Wang Runfu, deputy director of 510, compared with many previous methods of monitoring electromagnetic waves on the ground, the use of space-based platforms to monitor changes in the earth's electromagnetic waves can be said to “stand taller and see farther and widerâ€. It is vividly called “Earthquake jumping out of the earthâ€. The launch application of “Zhang Heng No. 1†also marks the first time that China has the ability to dynamically monitor all three-dimensional geophysical fields across the country and the world.
Wang Runfu introduced that the 510 institutes started preliminary research work in 2011. After seven years of research, the scientific research team successfully developed an electric field detector. This technology has filled the domestic technological gap, in which core indicators such as electric field resolution and sensitivity have reached the international advanced level. The electric field detector has also become the first load product in aerospace applications in the field of electromagnetic monitoring in China.
“Electric field detectors project four 4.5-meter-long sensors out of the satellite body through a pole, like four sensitive 'antennas', each of which is a group of sensors that can sense the plasma potential to generate a spatial three-dimensional electric field. According to Wang B, the deputy chief of the 510-space probe payload engineering center, inside the satellite, there is a highly sensitive electronic measurement device called a "signal processing unit," which is like the "brain" of an electric field detector. The tiny spectrum detected by the tentacles was finely processed, and then these scientific data were rapidly transmitted back to the ground. After scientific researchers analyzed and researched, they eventually accumulated to form a database for seismic research.
Lei Jungang, technical director of the 510 space exploration and load engineering center, said: “The original design criteria of the electric field detector exceeded the highest level of similar satellites launched by the international community. Therefore, it is new and difficult for us to solve the broadband problem at the same time. The three major challenges in the field of large dynamic range and weak signal monitoring electromagnetics are the most difficult.†In research and development, the team has overcome technical difficulties such as test calibration, which is equivalent to raising the international level of sensitivity of electric field detectors by one order of magnitude. And in the case of the international market blockade, it solved the engineering problems such as slip ring cables and realized many innovations.
“The application of this innovative result, while forming 510 new technological growth points, has effectively supported the development of the national aerospace industry. The more important thing is to start with an electric field detector. 510 new loads have been launched in succession in recent years. Research projects, these new payloads will play an important role in China's future Mars exploration, asteroid detection and other fields." Wang Runfu said.
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