Influencing the final machining accuracy and processing efficiency of the workpiece, in addition to the reasons of the CNC machine tool itself, it should also be set from reasonable processing route setting, tool selection and correct installation, reasonable cutting amount selection, programming skills, and rapid control of dimensional accuracy. Comprehensive considerations.
First, programming skills
Numerical control programming is the most basic work of numerical control processing. The pros and cons of the work piece processing program directly affect the final machining accuracy and processing efficiency of the machine tool. From the clever use of the inherent program, to reduce the cumulative error of the CNC system, the flexibility to use the main program and subroutines and other aspects.
1. Flexible use of main programs and subroutines In complex mold processing, the molds are generally processed in the form of multiple molds. If there are several identical shapes on the mold, the relationship between the main program and the subroutine should be used flexibly, and the subprograms should be called repeatedly in the main program until the machining is completed. Not only can ensure the consistency of the processing size but also can improve its processing efficiency.
2, reduce the cumulative error of the numerical control system
In general, incremental programming is used for workpieces. The previous point is used as a reference for processing. This way, the continuous execution of multiple segments of the program will inevitably produce a certain cumulative error. Therefore, when programming, absolute programming is used as far as possible so that each segment has a workpiece. The origin is used as a reference, so that the cumulative error of the CNC system can be reduced and the machining accuracy can be guaranteed.
Second, a reasonable set of processing routes
Reasonable setting of processing routes and processing sequences is an important basis for optimizing the preparation of workpiece processing programs. It can be considered from the aspect of machining trajectory and feed method.
When performing workpiece NC milling, it is necessary to select the proper feed method in combination with the technical requirements of the workpiece to ensure the workpiece cutting accuracy and processing efficiency. When milling the outer contour of a plane workpiece, the cutting and cutting routes of the tool should be arranged. Try to cut in and out along the extension of the outline curve to avoid the occurrence of knife marks at the intersection. At the same time, in the milling process, whether the milling or counter milling is to be selected according to the workpiece condition.
Third, the choice of tools and the correct installation
Whether it is a numerical control machining or an ordinary processing, the tool is directly acting on the workpiece, so it is the most important factor in the selection and installation of the workpiece processing accuracy and surface quality. In particular, the workpieces are machined on the CNC machining center. The tools are stored in the magazine in advance and they must not be replaced as soon as they are started. Therefore, the general principle of tool selection is: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, high durability and high precision.
Fourth, the reasonable choice of cutting amount The determination of the amount of cutting is an important part of the NC machining process, its size is an important parameter of the machine's main movement and feed movement, has an important impact on the workpiece machining accuracy, machining efficiency and tool wear. The choice of cutting amount includes cutting speed, amount of back knife, and feed amount. The basic selection principle is: when the rigidity allows, rough cutting takes a large depth of cut to reduce the number of passes and improve the productivity of the workpiece; finishing machining generally takes a smaller depth of cut to obtain a higher surface quality.
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